He told the clerks at the Aeromarine Supply Company in Brimingham, Alabama (from where he brought the rifle) that he was going on a hunting trip with his brother. Certainly not enough to finance his travels to Mexico, Canada, England, etc., after his escape. Its important to note that this verdict was not a criminal conviction, as is sometimes erroneously implied when this case surfaces online. When authorities caught him in London, hed been planning to travel to Rhodesia, a former African state ruled by a white minority in present-day Zimbabwe. I know they interviewed some inmates, but they did not interview the people most likely to know something (and also the most likely to tell them to go to hell). Spouse/Ex-: Anna Sandhu Ray (m. 19781993), siblings: Carol Pepper, Franklin Ray, Jerry Ray, John Larry Ray, Marjorie Ray, Melba Ray, Suzan Ray, place of death: Nashville, Tennessee, United States, See the events in life of James Earl Ray in Chronological Order, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/25196041/james-earl-ray, http://yourblackworld.net/2012/06/23/james-earl-rays-map-used-get-out-prison-being-sold-history-teacher/, https://www.ebay.com/itm/JAMES-EARL-RAY-Mugshot-Glossy-8x10-Photo-Martin-Luther-King-Jr-Print-Poster-/202043577078, https://shannonyarbrough.com/tag/james-earl-ray/, http://www.debate.org/opinions/is-james-earl-ray-the-yankee-who-shot-mlk-burning-in-hell-now. Corrections? Ray had seven siblings. On 30 January 1961, Dexter Scott King, the third child of Martin and Coretta Scott King, was born. Since retiring from the staff several years ago, he has been a regular contributor to the magazine. nitrites would have indicated a close-range discharge). period immediately preceding the assassination, James Earl Ray fled the scene of the crime immediately after the assassination, James Earl Ray's alibi for the time of the assassination, his story of "Raoul," There were no cellblock TVs in Jefferson City in 1963 and 1964. Law enforcement agencies believe that he started indulging in criminal activities as he could not support himself financially. people lost faith in the political system. Even though he played an elitist liberal psychiatrist on "Frasier," Kelsey Grammer is a Republican in real life. The project, while stopping short of violent riots, nevertheless advocated widespread civil disobedience (a nonviolent, but nevertheless illegal activity) that King said he and 3,000 of his followers planned on staging in Washington that spring. Such a conclusion must be drawn from a premise that the King family was willing to publicly, wrongfully, and unjustifiably vindicate Ray in order to accuse others simply to gain notoriety. In March 2014, Brown was arrested in Memphis, Tennessee, and charged with five counts of contempt of court and getting "verbally abusive" during a child support case overseen by Magistrate Harold Horne. According to Harding, King had already severely angered Johnson by delivering that speech, which could have made Johnson quite receptive to Byrds sentiment. McMillan is the primary source for the widespread belief that Ray was a major drug dealer in Jeff City; that he smuggled large sums of money out of prison; that he used that money to finance his travels after his escape. Sometime before 4:00 p.m. on April 4, 1968, James Earl Ray parked his white Mustang on South Main Street and, under an assumed name, rented a room in the second floor rooming house directly above the grill. His body was cremated and his ashes were flown to the land of his forefathers, viz. Dwight Lewis served in a variety of roles at The Tennessean, including reporter and columnist, from 1971 to 2011. Because Ray had previously tried to escape by hiding out inside the prison, the officials assumed this was another bungled attempt, and they began a meticulous search of the prison, which covered 47 acres. In only two decades, the white population fell by over 300,000; DC became majority-black in the late 1950s.. Stoner's hatred of blacks would not have been offensive to him Ray; he might have viewed it as a little extreme, but he would have admired Stoner for being a rebel and for having a network of trusted associates. All the seven prisoners who escaped from the prison were recaptured within two days and sent back to the prison. I went to Memphis to deliver a rifle to this man called Raoul, Ray told me. James Earl Ray (March 10, 1928 - April 23, 1998) was an American fugitive convicted for assassinating Martin Luther King Jr. at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee, on April 4, 1968. The day after a stabbing, for example, virtually everyone in the prison who is considered "solid" would know who had done the stabbing. Julia Brown, author of I Testify: My Years as an F.B.I. In the year 1959, he was caught stealing $120 from a Kroger Store in St. Louis. We knew that anytime you try to escape from a maximum-security prison you run the risk of being shot. Although Ray had two attempted escapes on his record, he did not have nearly as much heat on him as Westberg. A man named Vincent Harding is credited with writing most of it. He escaped from the Missouri State Penitentiary on April 23, 1967; and in Memphis, Tennessee, nearly a year later, on April 4, 1968, from a window of a neighbouring rooming house, he shot King, who was standing on the balcony of a motel room. Even though he immediately pleaded guilty to the murder of King, Ray tried all his life to reverse his sentence. The first time I saw James Earl Ray, he had just arrived at the Missouri State Penitentiary in Jefferson City. Most of my friends were people I'd known in reform school, or people I'd met through them. The damage to Dr. King's clothing, when tested microscopically So, are there are still remaining questions about how everything happened the day of Kings assassination? In no uncertain terms, Byrd was calling on Johnson to stop Kings march on D.C. and chemically, revealed the presence of lead from a disintegrating In fact, Kings family was as convinced of Rays innocence as the families of Nicole and Ron were convinced of Simpsons guilt. Lee Harvey Oswald James Earl Ray Sirhan Sirhan . This doesnt mean that Ray couldnt have received assistance. Martin Luther King Jr.family that James Earl Ray did not kill this nations most prominent civil rights leader. Ray believed in white supremacy and had strong prejudice against the black people. Among the evidence was a recording of Jowers in which he suggested he was interested in fabricating his story for financial gain. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. [16] Brown surrendered to the Shelby County Sheriff on August 27, 2015, to serve his five-day sentence at the Shelby County Corrections Facility in Memphis. He was deemed not fit for military service due to the lack of discipline. Ten years after his death, Rays brother John Larry Ray wrote a book along with writer Lyndon Barsten called Truth At Last: The Untold Story Behind James Earl Ray and the Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. There it was once again: A belief from the Rev. What would it have taken for the Goldmans and the Browns to have believed Orenthals story that he was innocent? Page 388 also a racist, was allegedly connected with the late Leander Perez, Louisiana political boss and virulent segregationist. One week prior to Kings assassination on April 4, 1968 he had gone to Memphis to show support for local sanitation workers. The crisis at the Democratic National Convention marked a . Now confident that he could not be recognized, he again began a cross-country drive to Atlanta, Georgia. One of Kings principal advisors is Stanley David Levison. Ray left school when he was just fifteen due to his familys financial condition. (In the period 1963-64, there were 550 serious assaults inside Jefferson City, including hundreds of stabbings, which is why Time magazine called it the "bloodiest 47 acres in America." In June of 2008, Harding spoke at Stanford University and said the following: Many people within the movement said, Martin, you cannot raise your voice against Johnsons war because Johnson is our man and if you raise your voice against Johnsons war, Johnson being Johnson, is not going to like it.'. He said that another person he met in Canada by the name Raoul was the actual person who plotted the murder and ultimately pulled the trigger. On April 4, 1968, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was shot while standing on the balcony of the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee. 9 A staff report, An Analysis of James Earl Ray's Trip to New Orleans, December 15-21, 1967, appears in XIII Appendix to the HSCA-MLK hearings (hereinafter referred to as staff report: New Orleans trip). After this, Ray was on the run and was captured in the UK. There were half a dozen guys who rented magazines, and they hawked their wares by the yard shack (a small rock building where the guards stayed). It was a clear case of arson, and five people from Marlborough were duly convicted of the crime. [13], Brown is twice divorced and has two sons from his first marriage.[14]. . Stoner is one of the most investigated people in America. He was a democrat. Long before Ray was captured-before anyone could have known the details of what had happened in Memphis--the U.S. government had committed itself to the lone assassin theory; to such an extent, I was told later by white extremists in the South, that they were surprised by the government's failure to question even such notable racists as J.B. Stoner or leading figures in the Ku Klux Klan. Westberg was involved in several more escape plots, but he had so much heat on him he could never personally use the routes he discovered. It is known that, after escaping from Jeff City, James Earl Ray went to Chicago, where Jerry Ray was living. He is a member of Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity. The Committee Believes, on the Basis of the Circumstantial Evidence Available to it, that there is a Likelihood that James Earl Ray Assassinated Dr. Martin Luther King, JR., as a Result of a Conspiracy. From the viewpoint of a man who served time with Ray in prison, then went on to become a journalist, and continued to follow the case, with some emphasis on Ray's mentality, how he escaped from prison, and why there is reason to believe white supremacists may have been behind King's murder. If you saw the movie Boyz n the Hood, that was the way I grew up. Tray after tray of bread would be stacked into a large box, and then the box would be loaded onto a pickup truck and hauled to the farms. James Earl Ray, a 40-year-old convicted armed robber who had escaped from the Missouri State Penitentiary in Jefferson City, Mo., on April 23, 1967, pleaded guilty on March 10, 1969, in Shelby County (Tenn.) Criminal Court to the first degree murder of Dr. King. On April 4, 1967 a year to the day prior to Kings assassination King delivered his Beyond Vietnam speech at Riverside Baptist Church in New York City. pleaded guilty to the first degree murder of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. James Lawson, a Memphis pastor and civil rights institution who helped mentor King, said he began visiting Ray in the Memphis jail in 1969 when Ray complained about being held in solitary. ", The Miami police were sufficiently impressed with Milteer's seriousness that the Secret Service was alerted, and an imminent presidential motorcade into the city was canceled. He was a founder and the long-time chairman of the National States' Rights Party as well as the publisher of its newsletter, The Thunderbolt. After his capture, his sentence was extended by one more year to 100 years. On the first one he'd fallen and stunned himself; on the second he'd hidden in a ceiling. In the year 1952, he served a two year prison sentence for the armed robbery of a cab driver. Stoner had trouble getting into the case, however, because no mainstream lawyer wanted anything to do with him. Ray, a white supporter of segregationist George Wallace, was a career criminal whod been convicted at least four separate times for robbing a cafe, a taxi, a post office and a grocery store. James Earl Ray did it, case closed! In 2011, the only irony greater than the left blaming right wing rhetoric for the violence perpetrated by an individual having no affiliation with the right, might be that the rhetoric of some very powerful people on the left may have had a direct role in the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. That is, of course, if one applies the logic of the left. James Earl Ray pleaded guilty to killing Dr. King; he challenged the plea and failed. Jerry Ray was J.B. Stoner's campaign manager when Stoner ran for Governor of Georgia against Jimmy Carter. James Earl Ray From the viewpoint of a man who served time with Ray in prison, then went on to become a journalist, . Barely 48 hours later, on March 31st, Johnson would publicly announce that he would not seek reelection. There are records of Ray receiving plastic surgery in Los Angeles about a month before Kings murder in Memphis. Stoner campaigned for several political offices as a Southern Democrat in order to promote his white supremacist agenda. But Westberg had been told that the guard did not open the bread box. Simpson was found guilty of killing his wife Nicole and Ron Goldman in a civil trial. Rays father forged a check and hence had to shift his family to Ewing, Missouri to escape enforcement authorities. That was a bunch of baloney. James Earl White (born July 16, 1964) is a former member of the Texas House of Representatives for District 19, which encompassed Polk, Hardin, Jasper, Newton, and Tyler counties. [23] After his release, he compared himself to notable civil rights activists who spent significant time imprisoned for their activism like Martin Luther King Jr., Nelson Mandela, and Stokely Carmichael. The 12-person jury verdict unanimous exonerated the "patsy" James Earl Ray for any role in the assassination of MLK. For some 50 years, the federal government has maintained that James Earl Ray was the gunman who assassinated King that day. King said he liked the idea. That is why he could never have been a major drug dealer. Raised in the Crenshaw District of Los Angeles, Brown graduated as valedictorian[full citation needed] from Dorsey High School. This tribunal on a General Sessions Court's authority is insufficient to establish you. In 1999, James Earl Ray was found innocent of killing Martin Luther King Jr. in the same way O.J. He was a loner. James Earl Ray, (born March 10, 1928, Alton, Illinois, U.S.died April 23, 1998, Nashville, Tennessee), American assassin of the African American civil-rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr. Ray had been a small-time crook, a robber of gas stations and stores, who had served time in prison, once in Illinois and twice in Missouri, and received a suspended sentence in Los Angeles. Although Westberg liked Ray, he never brought him around us. That year, Kings son Dexter Scott King visited Ray in prison to draw attention to the familys push to appeal his case. In prison I knew men who would stab you to death over a carton of cigarettes, or for even a slight insult. In 1997, King told Ray personally that both he and his family believed him. USA.gov, The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration Moreover, Jerry Ray and James Earl Ray are close. His first prison break happened in 1967, when he escaped the Missouri State Penitentiary on a bread truck before fleeing to Canada. In a story published based on the test, Playboy claimed that Ray had committed the crime alone. "[20] I had met with him twice while in Memphis at Jims Grill, which was near the boarding house. In 1983, President Ronald Reagan signed the holiday into law, and it was first recognized three years later. But within Martin Luther Kings family, there remains a persistent belief that Ray is innocent, and was set up to take the fall. He shot. After his escape, Early Ray was continuously on the move and travelled across USA, Canada, and Mexico. In renouncing his guilt, Ray raised the spectre of a conspiracy behind Kings murder but offered scant evidence to support his claim. I served my six months, got out and was put right back in for using amphetamine. The explanation is much simpler. James Earl Ray, (born March 10, 1928, Alton, Illinois, U.S.died April 23, 1998, Nashville, Tennessee), American assassin of the African American civil-rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr. The cartridge case (Q3) found in the Q2 rifle had been fired In 1977, New Times magazine suggested that Jerry Ray and "Raoul" were one and the same. Search for the Killer (April 4- June 8, 1968), the Young & Morrow rooming house Examine the rooming house where James Earl Ray stayed on the day of the assassination, the bathroom window documented as the site of the fatal shot, evidence recovered at the scene, and evidence leading to the capture and arrest of James Earl Ray. Milteer told the informant that a scheme was in the works to kill President Kennedy. Jerry was returned to solitary in 1963 for making zip-guns, and a few days later I was put in B-Basement on suspicion of stabbing an inmate who'd volunteered to help the guards search the Tag Plant for the rest of the zip-guns, which were never found. On June 8 he was apprehended by London police at Heathrow Airport as he was about to embark for Brussels; the FBI had established him as the prime suspect almost immediately after the assassination. [4] While on the bench he was known for his sometimes unusual sentences, such as, sentencing a child molester to confess to his church congregation and ordering a drug trafficker to apologize in a newspaper letter.[5]. Ray said he wasnt in the room when King was shot, but he was unable to consistently explain where he had been, or keep other important details in his story straight. His perceived inability to deal successfully with those problems led to an overwhelming defeat in his bid for reelection. The Q64 bullet was a .30-06 caliber bullet of Remington-Peters manufacture. Also, after he moved to St. Louis he lived in south St. Louis, an area known for its racism. James Earl Ray was an American assassin convicted for the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. After his conviction, he spent all his life in prison. The first year and a half I paid little or no attention to Ray. During the four-week trial in Memphis, a 12-person jury heard testimony from over 70 witnesses; but not Jowers, who didnt testify because there were no criminal charges at stake. But what do you know about James Earl Ray, the man who assassinated Martin Luther King? We miss you, James. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! He escaped from the prison hiding in a truck that was transporting bread from the prison bakery. [3] He would later open his own law practice before being elected as a judge on the State Criminal Court of Shelby County, Tennessee in 1990. They might not have been involved in the murder, McMillian observes of the FBI, but I wish people knew the really shameful things that they did.. James Earl Ray was born in a poor family on March 10, 1928 in Alton, Illinois, USA. Dexter and his family too believed that he did not commit the crime and urged the government to grant a new trial to Ray. In subsequent disclosures, Ray said that he was not the only person involved in the murder of King. I wholeheartedly applaud the verdict of the jury and I feel that justice has been well served in their deliberations, she said. He was sentenced to twenty years in prison. The New Times article also asserted that Jerry Ray, if he were involved, might have been duped himself-might have thought he was setting up something other than an assassination. Warden Swenson of the Jeff City prison immediately issued an edict that convicts could no longer correspond with editors. Still, Ray shot ReverendKing and if the King family wants closure in the matter they should finally accept that fact. They would rather ignore the facts than become disillusioned. Also available from Amazon, With the purpose of writing about true crime in an authoritative, fact-based manner, veteran journalists J. J. Maloney and J. Patrick OConnor launched Crime Magazine in November of 1998. It is clear why tyrants wish to keep people from learning about Price and reading the powerful words he wrote defending freedom and Is Christianity the enemy of science? Even after Ray died in 1998 from complications caused by hepatitis C, the family continued to assert there was, as Coretta King said in 1999, overwhelming evidence that identified someone else, not James Earl Ray, as the shooter, and that Mr. Ray was set up to take the blame.. None. With the release of this FBI document, however, it seems that the FBI and the JBS were on the same page regarding King. There were those who joked about Ray, because of the nature of his attempted escapes. But among legal and historical scholars, there is a broad consensus that James Earl Ray, though he may not have acted alone, is the gunman who shot Martin Luther King. Over the years, as book after book has been published on the King case, numerous conspiracy theories have been advanced: that the FBI was involved; that the CIA feared King would come out in opposition to the Vietnam War; that rival black leaders felt King's non-violent approach was a hindrance to black progress; that white supremacists wanted him out of the way for obvious reasons. I have respect for the King family, however, as thousands of people converge on Memphis and in other places on Wednesday to commemorate the 50th anniversary of MLKs death, the King family is dead wrong. assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr.: The assassin: James Earl Ray, This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/James-Earl-Ray, James Earl Ray - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). 1-86-NARA-NARA or 1-866-272-6272, The President John F. Kennedy Assassination Records Collection, John McAdams (The John F. Kennedy Assassination Information Center), Evidence of Ray's contact with his brothers, 1967-68, Motive with respect to John and Jerry Ray, The backgrounds of Kauffmann and Sutherland, How to File a FOIA Request for Archival Records. In that speech, none other than Robert Byrd pointed to the Memphis riots and the violent consequences as a warning to Johnson not to allow the marches King was planning on Washington in the coming weeks. Ireland. Warren writes from Texas and can be reached at wmass@thenewamerican.com. The President, Milteer said, would be shot "from an office building with a high-powered rifle," and a patsy would be picked up within hours . James Earl Ray (March 10, 1928 - April 23, 1998) was an American fugitive convicted for assassinating Martin Luther King Jr. at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee, on April 4, 1968. Because of the 1959 incident, Jerry had so much heat on him that if the guards lost sight of him for even a few minutes, they panicked. James Earl Ray was the assassin of American Baptist minister and civil rights activist, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Ray was born in on March 10, 1928 in a poor Irish-American family of Alton, Illinois, and was raised a Catholic. [3], After graduating from law school, Brown moved to Memphis, Tennessee to work as an attorney for the Legal Services Corporation. Those of us who had been involved in escape attempts did not consider Ray a joke. Joseph Blakeney Brown Jr. (born July 5, 1947), known as Judge Joe Brown, is a former American lawyer and television personality. [4] By 1978, Brown became the first African-American prosecutor in Memphis, and he later directed the Memphis public defender's office. Now he is presumed to be guilty until he proves his innocence. Early Ray fired a single shot by standing in the bathtub of his shared room and balancing the rifle on a window ledge. Later, though, he claimed he left the prints to gain international notoriety. Ray watched it all on the cell-block TV at Jeff City. After Ray was arrested for the assassination of Martin Luther King, it was widely believed that those erroneous prints were proof that the King conspiracy began in Jefferson City, and that someone employed at the prison was involved. In the year 1968, Earl Ray brought a Remington Model 760 Gamemaster .30-06-caliber rifle and a box with 20 cartridges. Laster made several more desperate attempts to escape, including one attempt to saw out of death row (during which a guard captain was blinded). Martin Luther King Jr., and there should be no question about that fact. He believed that King was a serious threat to the dominance of white people in the USA and wanted to stop him through any means. Judge Brown's lawyer filed an appeal, but the appeal was refused. It contained a pair of binoculars, a newspaper with a story about King staying at the Lorraine Motel, and a .30-06 Remington Gamemaster that had fired one shot. He paid for a nose job in cash. From 1961 through 1965 I used a substantial amount of amphetamine, and so did many of the people I associated with, and I never bought any from James Earl Ray. Indeed, a former agent from the FBIs field office in Atlanta said the bureaus tracking of King was second only to the way they went after Jimmy Hoffa. In 1975, a group of former FBI agents called on Congress to investigate this harrassment. The Galileo Case Revisited | Beyond the Cover. (153) The 20-page paper, which was classified as. This is why I believe they steered FBI investigators toward convicts who really didn't know anything. Ray was never that type. As an indication of just how much Robert Welch, the Founder of The John Birch Society, was on top of Kings communist connection, he wrote the following words for May 1968 John Birch Society Bulletin just two months after the FBI report, which had been classified as secret: During this career of a brief dozen years, [King] was constantly surrounded by, and associated with, Communists. Inability to deal successfully with those problems led to an overwhelming defeat in his bid for.... A group of former FBI agents called on Congress to investigate this.... Needed ] from Dorsey High school capture, his sentence was extended by one more to... And James Earl Ray was the gunman who assassinated Martin Luther King Jr.family that James Earl Ray did have... To his familys financial condition into the case, however, because of the jury and I feel justice! Finally accept that fact named Vincent Harding is credited with writing most of my were... 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